构建麓湖生态多样性
Construct the ecological diversity of LUXELAKES
作为MIT X JUND X麓湖A8设计中心联合课程Urban Hacking Chengdu五个研究成果之三，该研究聚焦生物多样性，引入“新型生态系统（novel ecosystem）”和“公民生态”（civic ecology）的概念以及斑块走廊矩阵（patch-corridor-matrix）景观模型，将项目分为“教育和生态调查”、“引进物种并建立社区主导”和“环境监控、教育和社区活动建设”三个实践阶段，最终实现“自然与人共同成长”和“以生物多样性建立生态系统服务”的愿景。
As one of the MIT X JUND X A8 Design Center joint course Urban Hacking Chengdu five research results, this research focuses on biodiversity, introduces the concept of "novel ecosystem" and "civic ecology", as well as the patch-Corridor-matrix landscape model, devides the project into three practical stages: "education and ecological survey", "introduction of species and establishment of community-led inventorying and monitoring system" and "environmental monitoring, education and community activity building", so as to realize the vision of "nature and people grow together" and "providing ecosystem services based on biodiversity".
Hacking Chengdu's Biodiversity to Design
a More "Livable Garden" City at Luxelakes
Designer: Eve Allen
生物多样性是地球上所有形式和相互作用的伟大结晶。中国西南山区的动植物种类繁多，该地区占中国面积的10％，但拥有超过全国40％的植物。麓湖位于中国植物最丰富的省份四川中的花园城市成都，但是这个“生态城”缺乏丰富的植物种类。在中国西南山区的12,000种植物物种中，麓湖的物种不到270种。本项目的目的是通过丰富植被种类，制定策略以在麓湖建立新的生态系统。本项目提出了新的植被、种植地点和方案，为围绕艺术、娱乐、教育和科学主题的社区活动提供新的机会。项目的交付成果，以书面报告形式阐述关于万华集团就如何改造麓湖植被并促进社区参与之建议。
Biodiversity is the extraordinary variety of life on Earth in all of its forms and interactions. The Mountains of Southwest China contain an incredible amount of plant and animal diversity. The area covers 10% of China but is home to over 40% of its plant species. Luxelakes is situated in the garden city of Chengdu in the most botanically rich province in China, however the ecocity lacks an abundance of plant species. Out of the 12,000 plant species native to the Mountains of Southwest China, the Luxelakes contains less than 270. The aim of this project is to develop strategies to create novel ecosystems at Luxelakes through enriching the vegetation. The project proposes new plantings, places, and programs. This will provide new opportunities for community activities around the themes of art, recreation, education, and science. The deliverables of the project will be a report with recommendations on how Wide Horizon can retrofit the vegetation of Luxelakes while promoting community engagement.
生物多样性是地球上所有形式和相互作用的伟大结晶。更准确地说，生物多样性被嵌套在相互关联的层次中，从基因开始，继而是单个物种、生物群落，最后是整个栖息地或生态系统。成都作为中国著名的园林城市，却也被环境问题所困扰。快速的城市化正在导致生物同质化。这是两个在生态上不同的环境随着时间变得越来越相似的过程。然而城市规划师、景观设计师往往在城市开发过程中促进了类似植物品种的传播。
Biodiversity is the extraordinary variety of life on Earth in all of its forms and interactions. More formally, biodiversity is nestled into interrelated levels, beginning with genes, then individual species, then communities of creatures and finally entire habitats or ecosystems. Chengdu is blossoming as China’s garden city. However, Chengdu also has environmental problems. For example, rapid urbanization is causing biotic homogenization. This is the process of two ecologically distinct environments becoming more similar overtime. Urban planners, landscape architects facilitate the spreading of similar plant cultivars.
在研究过程中，设计师分析了两份植被清单。其中一份记录了麓湖苗圃中所有物种。另一份则列出了成都的园林设计师在项目中所使用的所有植物种类。这两个清单总计共有275种，不到该地区多样性的3％。这两类物种中平均有40-50％的物种并非本土植被。
The designer analyzed two planting lists. One is a list of all the species in Luxelakes nursery. One is a list of all the plant species that landscape architects working in Chengdu use as a master list for their projects. In total these two lists combined had 275 species which is less than 3% of the diversity in the region. On average between 40-50% of the species from these two lists did not originate in China.
麓湖作为一个“生态城”，位于中国植物最丰富的四川省以及被称作“花园城市”的成都，却缺乏生物多样性。
Luxelakes is an “ecocity” situated in the “garden city” of Chengdu, the most botanically rich province in China. However, the development lacks biological diversity.
设计师在调研过程中采访了各类专家，包括植物学家，生态学家，景观设计师以及两名来自阿诺德植物园的科学家。这些丰富的采访为研究提供了相当多思考的内容。
During the research phase, the designer has conducted numerous interviews with domain experts, including botanists, ecologists, landscape architects, and two scientists from the Arnold arboretum. These rich interviews provided a lot of food for thought and greatly informed this research.
其中，设计师与哈佛大学资深研究科学家，植物学家，四川植物区系专家大卫·布福德（David Boufford）进行了一系列采访，并且合作研究了可以引入麓湖的新植物物种。麓湖可以作为引入新的城市植物物种的实验基地。周边地区包含了成都市区尚未出现的大量植物物种。市民主导的植被采认和标记系统可帮助记录新发现物种的重要数据，这些数据对于中国各地，地区，国家甚至全球的多个利益相关者都是有价值的。布福德先生所创建的两个在线数据库对该任务有极大的帮助。至今为止，此数据平台已经收录了数千种尚未出现于市区的灌木，树木以及花卉。
One interview with David Boufford, a senior research scientist and field botanist from the Harvard Herbaria and an expert in the Flora of Sichuan turned into a series of interviews. The designer and Mr. Boufford worked closely to start identifying new plant species that could be introduced to Luxelakes. Luxelakes can serve as an experimental test bed for the introduction of new urban plant species. The surrounding region contains a wealth of plant species that have not yet appeared with in the urban region of Chengdu. Luxelakes can be a first destination for new species. A citizen-led inventorying system will help monitor and record important data about the new introductions that will be of value to multiple stakeholders across at local, regional, national, and even global levels in China. Two online databases that David created have been helpful for this task. There are 1000 entries of shrubs, trees, and flowers that have not yet been discovered for urban areas.
两个理论概念和一个景观模型被用作框架化和概念化该项研究。其中包括“新型生态系统（novel ecosystem）”和公民生态概念（civic ecology）以及斑块走廊矩阵（patch-corridor-matrix）景观模型。霍布斯等研究员将新型生态系统定义为“非生物、生物和社会组成部分的系统，由于受到人类的影响，与历史上盛行的系统不同，它们具有自组织的能力，并且在没有过多的人为管理的情况下可呈现出新颖的品质。
新型生态系统概念通过两种方式为该项目搭建理论框架。首先，快速的城市化进程加快了四川盆地新型生态系统的形成，保护剩余的生态至关重要。人们还应该努力利用该地区的植物生物多样性来建立能够自我维持并为人民带来利益的新型生态系统。
第二，新型生态系统的概念吸引了人们扩大对健康生态系统的看法。新型生态系统迫使人们将文化、社会和经济因素与生态思想相结合，这可以在当今环境快速变化的时代帮助改善人类和其他物种的福祉。
Two concepts and a landscape model have been helpful in framing and conceptualizing this research. They include the novel ecosystem and civic ecology concepts and the patch-corridor-matrix landscape model. Hobbs et al. (2013) define novel ecosystems as a “system of abiotic, biotic, and social components, that by virtue of human influence, differ from those that prevailed historically, having a tendency to self-organize and manifest novel qualities without intensive human management.”
The novel ecosystem concept is helpful in framing this project in two main ways. First, rapid urbanization has accelerated the formation of novel ecosystems in the Sichuan Basin. While conservation of remnant ecologies is of the utmost importance. People should also strive to use the region’s plant biodiversity to build improved novel ecosystems that can self-sustain and provide benefits to people.
Second, the concept of novel ecosystems beckons people to widen their perspective on what a healthy ecosystem looks like. Novel ecosystems force humans to integrate cultural, social, and economic factors with ecological thinking which can aid in improving the well-being of humans and other species in this time of rapid environmental change.
公民生态学或公民科学是使公众参与科学研究和生态管理的成功方法之一。麓湖能够使用类似的方法促进培养生态管理能力并吸引社区成员的参与。
Civic ecology or citizen science is a successful approach that involves the public in scientific research and ecological stewardship. Using a similar approach at Luxelakes can help cultivate ecological stewardship and engage community members.
“斑块走廊矩阵”模型将景观概念化为包含三个基本元素的异质镶嵌：斑块、走廊和矩阵。斑块定义为与其周围环境不同的相对同质的区域。走廊是线性景观元素，可促进连通性。矩阵是景观的主要背景结构。了解麓湖的斑块，走廊和构成景观的矩阵的布置或结构模式，有助于理解如何随时间改变其发展模式和过程。
The Patch-Corridor-Matrix model conceptualizes landscapes as heterogeneous mosaics consisting of three fundamental elements: patches, corridor, and a matrix. Patches are defined as a relatively homogenous area that differs from its surroundings. Corridors are linear landscape elements that promote connectivity. The matrix is the dominant background fabric of a landscape. Understanding the arrangement or structural pattern of patches, corridors, and the matrix that constitutes the landscape at Luxelakes is helpful for understanding how to change its pattern and process over time.
此项目提议将200种新物种引入课题研究场地，利用这些植被丰富麓湖的“斑块矩阵走廊“，然后将它们与一系列涵盖许多不同主题的社区计划联系起来，例如娱乐、教育、手工艺、旅游等。
The proposal is to introduce 200 new species to the site, use these species to enrich patches matrix and corridors at Luxelakes and then connect them to a series of community programs that span many different themes such as recreation, education, arts and crafts, tourism, etc.
整体规划图
该规划图显示了能够引入新物种的区域，以丰富整体矩阵，使该地块的生态结构更加多样化。
Master Plan
This drawing shows possible areas to introduce new species. The idea is to enrich the overall matrix, the dominant background fabric of the site to be more biodiverse.
生物多样性为教育提供了新的机会：接触大自然可以帮助儿童在智力、情感、社交和身体上成长。
Doing this will provide many benefits. Biodiversity provides new opportunities for education: Exposure to nature helps children grow intellectually, emotionally, socially, and physically.
生物多样性可净化空气，使心灵平静。
Biodiversity cleans the air and calms the mind.
生物多样性使家庭聚在一起，并提供了新的社区参与的活动机会。
Biodiversity Brings Families together: it provides new opportunities for community engagement and bonding.
社区主导的植物盘存和监控系统：该流程图说明了如何收集新植物引进的主要和次要数据。
Community-Led Plant Inventorying and Monitoring System: This is a flow chart diagram illustrating how primary and secondary data would be collected for new plant introductions.
社区主导的植物盘存和监控系统：该图显示了社区成员收集有关新工厂引进的辅助数据。
Community-Led Plant Inventorying and Monitoring System: This diagram shows community members collecting secondary data on new plant introductions.
此项目分为三个实践阶段。
阶段1：此阶段着重于教育和生态调查。
阶段2：此阶段着重于引进物种并开始建立社区主导的记录和监测系统。
阶段3：此阶段着重于环境监控，教育和社区活动建设。
Phased Implementation Diagram This diagram represents the three phases of implementation.
Phase 1: This phase focuses on education and ecological surveying.
Phase 2: This phase focuses on introducing species and beginning the community-led inventorying and monitoring system.
Phase 3: This phase focuses on environmental monitoring, education, and community activity building.
自然与人：
共同成长：此图显示了随着更多物种被引入该地点，社区活动的机会如何增长。
Nature and People:
Growing Together: This diagram shows how opportunities for community activities grow as more species are introduced to the site.
生物多样性建立生态系统服务：
城市正在转向自然，以帮助恢复生态系统的功能。健康的生态系统为人类提供了多项重要服务。
Biodiversity Builds Ecosystem Services:
Cities are turning to nature to help restore ecosystem functioning. Healthy ecosystems provide humans with many important services.
特邀客席导师点评
Comments from Guest Tutors
Andrew Stokols
我很好奇随着时间的推移人们将如何与它互动，以及谁来负责计划。你有一个非常有趣的总体规划和它的发展图景，但由于这是关于激活社区，我很关心社区将如何参与和管理。
I am curious about how people will interact with it over time and who is doing the planning. You have a very interesting master plan image and its development but since this is about activating the community, I am interested in how will the community be involved and managed.
庄子玉
Zhuang Ziyu
我明白为什么生物多样性是重要的，但我不太清楚这个特定的场地为何需要如此的生物多样性。关于经济模式或政治模式是如何与你的目标相互关联的，这一点阐述得不够清楚。而对于场地，如果我们从另一个角度来看，我们需要考虑的是场地真正需要的生物多样性是什么，更重要的是，到什么程度？当然，这并不意味着越多越好——我认为可能性、总体成本、政治问题、经济问题和我们试图实现的生态系统或多样性之间，存在一定的平衡。
I see why biodiversity is important but I am just not really convinced of why we need this for the particular site. It was not elaborated clear enough as how is the economic models or politic models inter-locked with you your goal. Regarding the site, if we look at it the other way around, we need to consider is biodiversity what the site really needs, more importantly, to what extent? It certainly does not mean the more the better—I think there is certain balance talking about possibility, overall cost, and balance between the political issue, economic issue and ecosystem or diversity that we try to achieve.
Marc Ginestet
子玉说的很对。你应该在陈述中说明你打算如何做到。这至关重要，因为我们都知道生物多样性是重要的，而今天你作为一名专家的价值是找出你能以何种方式应对这一挑战。我期待你可以提出你的生态逻辑并告诉我们：在各种各样不同的方法中，什么是聪明的方法。所以当你说目标是增加200个物种时，我更想知道你是打算如何做到；而且我确信你能做到。
Ziyu pointed out the right thing. You should include in the presentation how you can do it. This is critical because we all know that biodiversity is important and today your added value, as a specialist, is to find out in which way you can tackle this challenge. And this is where you present with your ecological logic and you tell us what is the smart way to get that done, because there are different ways to do it. So when you say your goal is to add 200 species, and I am very interest in knowing how will you will be able to do that, and I am sure that you can do it.
方元
Andy Fang
我看到了很多关于生态的讨论，但我没有看到你打算如何去链接“人”。我可以举个例子。我曾经在华盛顿有一个邻居，她是一个正在上小学的女孩。我记得那是每周二，她回到家都会学着老师的语气“强迫”她的父母整理和回收垃圾。一个孩子带动一家人，一代人带动一个社会，这就是精准公众教育的结果。举这个例子是想说明，你可能需要考虑如何提高公众对生物多样性的意识，因为目前对很多中国人来说，生物多样性并不是他们日常生活中的重点。另外你也可以考虑怎样将环境质量与老年人相连接。现在有很多景观疗愈理论都在讨论景观环境如何缓解病痛、影响人类行为甚至文化，这里的关键是如何让更多的人加入到这个需要“社区参与和共同努力”的项目中。
I see a lot of ecological discussions but I don’t really see the people. I can give you one example. I used to live in DC for some years, and I had a neighbor, a little girl, she went to elementary school. I recall it was every Tuesday when she would go back home and force her parents to organize and recycle the trash. You might need to look at how you educate the community in terms of improving the public awareness of biodiversity, because currently for a lot of Chinese people biodiversity isn’t their priority in their daily life. And another group of people you might want to take a look at is the seniors. I am sure there is a lot of theories talking about how human behavior influences the landscape or a culture, what is crucial here is how do you bring more people into this project, into community-engagement effort.
特邀客席导师介绍
About the Guest Tutors
Andrew Stokols
麻省理工学院城市研究与规划系，博士（在读）
哈佛大学设计学院，城市规划，硕士
加州大学伯克利分校，历史与城市规划，全球贫困与实践，本科
Andrew Stokols是一位城市规划师/设计师和研究员。目前正在探索创新经济的空间方面之间的关系，城市设计和创新之间的关系，以及空间趋势，如经济活动集中在“超级城市”，如何推动了全球民粹主义的崛起。
MIT in the Department of Urban Studies and Planning, PhD candidate
Harvard Graduate School of Design, urban planning, master
UC Berkeley, history and urban planning, global poverty and practice, undergraduate
Andrew Stokols is an urban planner/designer and researcher. His research currently explores the relationship between the spatial aspects of the innovation economy, the relationship of urban design and innovation, and how spatial trends such as the concentration of economic activity in “superstar cities” have fueled the rise of global populism.
庄子玉
Ziyu Zhuang
建筑师，德国RSAA设计集团合伙人
美国哥伦比亚大学建筑与城市设计硕士，师从伯纳德·屈米（Bernard Tschumi）和肯尼思·弗兰普顿（Kenneth Frampton）。凭借腔体教堂、铜陵山居、鼓楼7号院、云顶57餐厅、南京凯悦臻选、成都温江悦榕庄、济宁文化中心、上海新天地“坛城”等项目，庄子玉历获纽约Architizer A+文化类大奖、世界建筑节WAF/INSIDE年度装置大奖、英国WAN年度最佳住宅、意大利THE PLAN特别提名奖、德国设计奖大奖、德国ICONIC至尊奖、意大利A'金奖、DFA亚洲最具影响力设计奖金奖、法国国际创新设计大奖最高奖、亚太区室内设计大奖金奖、德国iF设计奖、德国红点奖、中国勘察设计协会BIM大奖、中国建筑装饰协会最高奖项之设计艺术成就奖等奖项。
庄子玉是美国建筑师协会（AIA）联合会员，美国绿建协会（USGBC）认证专家（LEED AP），纽约建筑师联盟（Architecture League of New York）成员，2018-2019年天津大学建筑学院特聘研究生国际实验班导师，并曾在香港大学、哥伦比亚大学、纽约帕森设计学院、清华大学和明尼苏达大学作为客座评图。
Architect, Partner of RSAA GmbH
Learning after Bernard Tschumi and Kenneth Frampton, Ziyu Zhuang has been granted the Master’s degree of Architecture and Urban design in Columbia University, USA. With the projects such as Zhangjiagang Church, Tongling Recluse, Courtyard No.7 at The Drum Tower, The Top of Cloud, Nanjing The Unbound Collection by Hyatt, Chengdu Wenjiang Banyan Tree Hotel, Jining Culture Center Urban Design, Shanghai “The Cloud Maze” and other projects, he has won Architizer A+ Award, World Architecture Festival WAF/INSIDE Design Award – Display Winner, WAN Awards-House of the Year, THE PLAN AWARD-HONORABLE MENTION, German Design Award-winner, ICONIC AWARDS: Innovative Architecture-Best of Best, A’ Design Award, DFA Awards-Gold Award, INNODESIGN PRIZE - winner, APIDA-Gold Award, iF DESIGN AWARD, Reddot award, the BIM Award of China Engineering & Consulting Association, and the Design and Art Achievement Award, one of the top prizes of China Building Decoration Association.
As the member of AIA, the member of Architecture League of New York and as the LEED AP of USGBC, Ziyu Zhuang has been invited to be the visiting professor of Tianjin University School of Architecture in 2018-2019, also as a guest critic at the University of Hong Kong, Columbia University, New York Parsons School of Design, Tsinghua University and University of Minnesota.
Marc Ginestet
骏地设计，设计总监
JUND, Design Director
2019.5—now
骏地设计，设计总监
JUND, Design Director
2017.8—2019.4
铁汉生态华东规划设计院, 城市规划总监
Techand East China Design Institute, Planning Director
2017.2—2017.7 Self-employed Architect Planner, Senior Architect, Planner
2016.5—2017.1 Logon Architecture, Senior Architect, Project Manager
2014.7—2016.4 Ama architecture Office, Director Architect, Planner
PARIS-LA-VILLETTE Architectural School，Master of Architecture，France
Languedoc-Roussillon Architectural School，Bachelor of Architecture，France
INSA Strasbourg Architectural Department Faculty，Architectural Preparatory Studies，Fr.
方元
Andy Fang
AECOM 助理董事 城市经济规划副总监
美国注册城市规划师 (AICP)
美国规划协会 (APA) 高级顾问
具备多年城市发展战略规划和地产投资的国际经验，善于洞察各类城市发展规律，并根据城市特征制定突破性的发展战略，具备战略规划、经济规划、智慧城市、小城镇及乡村振兴、历史遗产保育、影响力投资、海外地产投资与地产金融、政府和社会资本合作、全球资本技术整合等项目经验。
过去十二年间，方元曾多次受联合国教科文组织、美国国务院、能源部、住建部、中国国家发改委、自然资源部、国家文物局、外国专家局，以及中美两国地方政府邀请，作为规划专家参与以可持续发展、智慧城市等主题的国际级咨询项目。此外，方元还曾为600余名市长进行过城市规划培训，并参与过总资产价值超20亿美元的跨境地产投资项目。
工作经历：
2019—至今 AECOM华西区，助理董事，城市经济规划
2018—2019 华夏幸福国际，旧金山，美国，高级区域经理
2016—2017 华发实业股份，旧金山，美国，地产投资经理
2010—2014 美国规划协会 (APA)，华盛顿，美国，国际项目主任、市长培训项目负责人
2008—2010 美国规划协会 (APA)，华盛顿，美国，中国项目官员
教育经历：
2014—2016 哈佛大学，设计学硕士
2007—2009 密歇根大学，城市与区域规划硕士
2002—2006 加拿大圣托马斯大学，历史学、社会学双学士
部分文章发布：
《可持续城市金融指导》
发布：世界资源研究所（2019）
《TOD规划、融资与实施中的十大难题》
发布：世界资源研究所（2019）
《不动产税助力历史街区保育的国际经验》
发布：《瞭望新闻周刊》（2016）
《中国新城新区发展报告》
发布：中国国家发改委（2015）
《历史保护，终究是为了挽留生活》
发布：纽约时报（2014）
《打造智慧城市，不能靠技术堆砌》
发布：纽约时报（2013）
《美国规划ABC》
发布：美国规划协会（2011）
《碳交易与国家战略白皮书》
发布：美国规划协会（2009）
Associate Director, Economics, AECOM
AICP
APA Senior Consultant
10+ years of urban development expertise with solid international project management experience, specialized in urban planning, smart city, climate resilience, infrastructure and real estate investment, transit-oriented development, urban transportation, social development, and public-private partnership.
Proven financial analysis, project appraisal and modeling skills, with $10 billion USD worth of urban development projects underwritten in U.S. and China.
Extensive experience in stakeholder engagement with worldwide network with NGOs, governments and businesses including U.S.’ Department of Housing and Urban Development, Environmental Protection Agency, and China's National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Natural Resources, and international organizations including UNESCO, UNDP, UN-Habitat and the World Bank.
Working Experience:
Nov 2019—Present Associate Director, Economics, AECOM, Chengdu
May 2018—Nov 2019 Senior Manager, Region Management, CFLD US, San Francisco
July 2016—Oct 2017 Real Estate Investment Manager, Huafa Group, San Francisco
Dec 2008—Aug 2014 International Program Manager, American Planning Association
Aug 2014—present Consultancy, International Program Manager, American Planning Association
Education:
Sept 2014—May 2016 Master in Design Studies in Real Estate and Built Environment, Harvard University
Sept 2007—April 2009 Master in Urban and Regional Planning, University of Michigan
Sept 2002—April 2006 Bachelor of Arts - Major in History, Minors in Sociology, St. Thomas University
Publications：
"Learning Guide on Sustainable Urban Finance"
Published by World Resource Institutte（2019）
"Transit- Oriented Development: 10 Questions about Planning, Financing and Implementation"
Published by World Resource Institutte（2019）
"Global best practices on conserving historic properties with property tax strategies"
Published by Outlook Weekly（2016）
"China's new town development report"
Published by National Development and Reform Commission（2015）
"Extending lives with historic conservation"
Published by New York TImes Chinese Website（2014）
"building smart city isn't a game of technology collage"
Published by New York TImes Chinese Website（2013）
"American Planning ABC"
Published by American Planning Association（2011）
"Carbon trade and national strategy"
Published by American Planning Association（2009）
课程教学组
Workshop Teaching Team
Brent D. Ryan
麻省理工学院城市设计与公共政策副教授
麻省理工学院城市研究与规划系城市设计与发展小组负责人
MIT CSAP教授顾问
Associate Professor of Urban Design and Planning
Head, City Design and Development Group
MIT CSAP Faculty Advisor
Brent D. Ryan是麻省理工学院城市研究与规划系城市设计与开发小组负责人兼城市设计与公共政策副教授。他的研究专注于当代城市设计的美学和政策，尤其是在当前和紧迫的问题（例如去工业化和气候变化）方面。Ryan教授的第一本书《Design After Decline: How America rebuilds shrinking cities》被Planetizen评选为2012年十大最佳城市规划书之一，而他的第二本书《The Largest Art》则由MIT Press于2017年出版。
Brent D. Ryan is Head of the City Design and Development Group and Associate Professor of Urban Design and Public Policy in MIT’s Department of Urban Studies and Planning. His research focuses on the aesthetics and policies of contemporary urban design, particularly with respect to current and pressing issues like deindustrialization and climate change. Professor Ryan’s first book Design After Decline: How America rebuilds shrinking cities, was selected by Planetizen as one of its ten best urban planning books of 2012, and his second book, The Largest Art, was published by MIT Press in 2017.
戎航
Helena H Rong
麻省理工学院理学城市研究硕士、康奈尔大学建筑学学士
麻省理工学院房地产创新实验室研究项目负责人
“成都城市调研：激发中国新发展”客座讲师
MIT CSAP联合创始人
Master of Science in Architecture Studies: Architecture and Urbanism (SMArchS Urbanism), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Cornell University Bachelor of Architecture
Research Associate at MIT Real Estate Innovation Lab
Urban Hacking Chengdu: Activating New Development in China, Co-lecturer
MIT CSAP Co-Founder
贺梦琪
Mengqi Moon He
麻省理工学院建筑与城市在读理学硕士，南加州大学建筑学学士
“成都城市调研：激发中国新发展”课程助教
MIT CSAP 联席主席
Master of Science in Architecture Studies: Architecture and Urbanism (SMArchS Urbanism), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Bachelor of Architecture, University of Southern California
Urban Hacking Chengdu: Activating New Development in China, Teaching Assistant
MIT CSAP Co-President
